Rusikarian

Phonology

• Consonants: Keep a classical feel with sounds like /p/, /t/, /k/, /b/, /d/, /g/, /m/, /n/, /l/, /r/, /s/, /v/, and a soft /h/.
• Vowels: A simple system, like Latin: /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/.
• Diphthongs: Incorporate /ae/, /oe/, /au/ for a distinctive yet familiar flavour.
• Stress: Place emphasis on the penultimate syllable unless the last syllable is long.

Consonant Inventory

Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
p b	t d		k g	h
m	n
v	r l
s

• Special Features:
  • Soft "r" as in Spanish or Italian.
  • "V" pronounced like the English /w/ (similar to Latin v).
  • No /z/ or /f/, reinforcing a classical feel.

Vowel Inventory

Front	Central	Back
i		u
e		o
	a

• Diphthongs: /ae/, /oe/, /au/, /ei/.

Phonotactics:

• No consonant clusters at the beginning or end of words. For example, lumen becomes lumis.
• Stress typically on the penultimate syllable unless otherwise marked by a long vowel.

Grammar

• Cases: Maintain five core cases:
  • Nominative: Subject
  • Genitive: Possession
  • Dative: Indirect object
  • Accusative: Direct object
  • Ablative: Means or separation
• Verb Conjugations: Similar to Latin with endings for person and number (e.g., -o, -as, -at for singular present tense).
• Word Order: Flexible, but typically Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) for poetic rhythm.

Participles and Gerunds

Participles are central to expressing complex ideas:

• Present participle: -ans/-ens (acting, doing). Amorans: Loving.
• Past participle: -tus/-sus (done, completed). Amatus: Loved.

Subjunctive Mood

Used for hypotheticals, wishes, or doubts:

• Si pacem inveniat, amora crescit.(If peace is found, love grows.)

Imperative Commands

• Singular: Drop final -r from infinitive. Amara! (Love!)
• Plural: Add -te. Amarate! (Love, all of you!)

Morphology

Noun Declension

Rusikarian uses five noun cases like Latin but simplifies declension classes. Nouns fall into two broad groups: -a nouns and -o nouns.

Case	-a (feminine)	-o (masculine/neuter)
Nominative	-a (terra)	-o (lumino)
Genitive	-ae (terrae)	-os (luminos)
Dative	-ai (terrai)	-oi (luminoi)
Accusative	-am (terram)	-um (luminum)
Ablative	-a (terraa)	-o (luminoo)

Example: Amora tarunai luminoi.

Translation: I bring love to the earth and light.

Verb Conjugation

Rusikarian follows three conjugation groups: -ar verbs, -er verbs, and -ir verbs, similar to Romance languages.

Person	-ar (to love)	-er (to see)	-ir (to hear)
1sg	-o (amaro)	-o (vido)	-o (audio)
2sg	-as (amaras)	-es (vides)	-is (audis)
3sg	-at (amarat)	-et (videt)	-it (audit)
1pl	-amos	-emos	-imos
2pl	-atis	-etis	-itis
3pl	-ant	-ent	-int

Syntax

Word Order

While flexible, the poetic default is SOV:

• Amoro tarunam. (I love the earth.)
• Lumis vocis. (Light calls.)

Modifiers typically follow the modified noun, maintaining a classical style:

• Taruna sancta (holy earth).
• Luminus magna (great light).

Questions

Inversion or particle-based questions:

• Statement: Taruna sancta est. (The earth is holy.)
• Question: Estne taruna sancta? (Is the earth holy?)

Vocabulary

Here’s a quick start to some words:

• Terra (Earth) → Taruna
• Aqua (Water) → Aquaia
• Lumen (Light) → Lumis
• Amor (Love) → Amora
• Vox (Voice) → Vocir

Core Words

• Sky: Caelus → Celis
• Sun: Sol → Solis
• Star: Stella → Stara
• Peace: Pax → Pas
• Strength: Fortis → Foris
• Wisdom: Sapientia → Savia

Verbs

• To speak: Loqui → Loquir
• To walk: Ambulare → Ambirar
• To build: Aedificare → Aedicirar

Nature and Elements

• Mountain: Mons → Montar
• River: Flumen → Flaris
• Ocean: Mare → Mariun
• Tree: Arbor → Arbora
• Fire: Ignis → Ignira
• Air: Aer → Aeris

Time

• Day: Dies → Dia
• Night: Nox → Nuxa
• Hour: Hora → Horia
• Year: Annus → Anum
• Season: Tempus → Tempura

Emotions and Ideas

• Fear: Timor → Timus
• Hope: Spes → Spira
• Dream: Somnium → Sonira
• Courage: Virtus → Virta
• Faith: Fides → Firia

Example Phrases:

• Tarunam amoro quia pas venit. (I love the earth because peace comes.)
• Stara luminis in caelo videtis. (You see the stars of light in the sky.)
• Montara alta marium videt.(The high mountain sees the ocean.)
• Tempura pas venit.(The season of peace is coming.)

Example Sentence

Latin: Amo terram. (I love the earth.) Rusikarian: Amoro tarunam.

Idioms:

• Lumis in umbra – Light in the shadow. (Hope in difficult times.)
• Vocir silenta – The silent voice. (Unspoken wisdom or intuition.)
• Aqua morta movet – Still water moves. (Even calm situations hold unseen power.)

Proverbs:

• Amora vincit omnia. – Love conquers all. (Similar to Latin but simplified.)
• Magna via, magna fortis. – The great path demands great strength.
• Rusikaris anima vivit. – The spirit of Rusikaria lives on.

Poetry and Rhetoric

Rusikarian was born to sing and inspire! Its structure allows for natural rhythm and rhyme.

Example Poem:

Taruna lumis venit,

Nuxa tenebras fugit.

Amora vincit pacem,

Vocir caelum tactit.

Translation:

The earth’s light comes,

Night’s shadows flee.

Love conquers peace,

A voice touches the heavens.

Rituals and Culture

Ritual Uses of Language

Rusikarian is seen as a sacred tongue used in the following:

• Blessings: Pas vobis datus est. (Peace is given to you.)
• Weddings: Amora perpetua est. (Love is eternal.)
• Funerals: Lumis tua in caelo lucet. (Your light shines in the sky.)

Naming Conventions

• Given Names: Reflect virtues or natural elements. Examples: Luminis (light), Virta (courage), Pasus (peace).
• Surnames: Often derived from locations or familial traits. Examples: Montara (mountain), Caeliris (heavenly).

Writing System

Script: Rusikaria Luminaria

• Alphabet: A mix of Latin inspiration with unique modifications for Rusikarian sounds.
  • Example: The letters "c" and "k" are distinct but have phonetic rules.
  • Unique characters for diphthongs like /ae/ and /oe/ (e.g., Æ for /ae/).
  • A character for the soft "r" (ɾ) appears in cursive and formal inscriptions.

Letter	Sound	Example	Transliteration
A	/a/	Amora	Love
B	/b/	Bellus	Beautiful
C	/k/	Celis	Sky
D	/d/	Doma	House
E	/e/	Estra	Star
G	/g/	Gaeris	Guard
H	/h/	Huma	Breath
I	/i/	Iovis	God
L	/l/	Lumis	Light
M	/m/	Magna	Great
N	/n/	Natura	Nature
O	/o/	Oris	Mouth
P	/p/	Pax	Peace
R	/ɾ/	Rusikaris	Of Rusikaria
S	/s/	Sancta	Holy
T	/t/	Taruna	Earth
U	/u/	Umbra	Shadow
V	/w/	Vocir	Voice

Numerals:

Adapted from Roman numerals but simplified:

• I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), M (1000).
• Addition: Small bars above numbers indicate multiples of 1000.